Toluene Overview:
Toluene, also known as methylbenzene or toluol, is a volatile, colorless liquid with a distinctive sweet, benzene-like odor. It is an aromatic hydrocarbon and is widely used as a solvent, fuel additive, and chemical intermediate.
Key Characteristics:
- Volatile, colorless liquid
- Sweet, benzene-like odor
- Insoluble in water
Applications:
- Solvent: Toluene is a versatile solvent used in paints, coatings, adhesives, and inks due to its ability to dissolve a wide range of substances.
- Fuel Additive: It is added to gasoline to improve octane ratings and enhance engine performance.
- Chemical Intermediate: Toluene is a key raw material in the production of various chemicals, including benzene, xylene, and TNT (trinitrotoluene).
- Industrial Applications: It is utilized in the manufacturing of rubber, plastics, pharmaceuticals, and synthetic fibers.
- Laboratory Use: Toluene is employed in laboratories as a solvent and reagent.
Hazards:
- Highly flammable liquid and vapor.
- Irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory system upon prolonged exposure.
- Inhalation of high concentrations may cause headaches, dizziness, and central nervous system depression.
- Long-term exposure may lead to neurological and kidney damage.
